Maths
Outs in poker
Cards still in the deck that would turn a losing hand into a winning one.
An out is a specific card that takes you from behind to in front. Holding two hearts on a flop with two more hearts, there are 13 hearts in the deck and you can see four of them, so nine remain: nine outs.
Count only the cards that actually win. A card that gives you a pair while your opponent already holds a better pair is not an out, and a card that only produces a split pot is not one either.
With two cards to come, nine outs is 35.0% equity. With one card to come, it is 19.6%. The rule of two and four gets you close to both figures without arithmetic.
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